Does the Mentos and Soda Trick Work With Regular Coke

Have you ever wondered whether or not the Mentos trick works with regular Coke? Does it work with other drinks? Heres the answer! The Mentos Trick All you do is drop a tube of Mentos candies into a bottle of soda. The carbon dioxide in the soda comes out of solution very suddenly, shooting up into the sky and drenching anyone within range with soda. Usually, the trick is done using diet soda, especially Diet Coke or another cola, however, the main reason for this is because diet drinks are less sticky/easier to clean up than other sodas. Any Carbonated Beverage Works The trick works with any carbonated beverage. It works with regular cola, orange soda, root beer, etc. Its actually very cool when performed with tonic water under a black light because you get a glowing blue fountain. However, you can use seltzer water (very easy cleanup) or any soda. While you may get a slightly higher fountain from a diet drink compared with a sugary one, the real determining factor is the size and shape of the bottle. A 2-liter or 1-liter bottle works much better than a smaller bottle. Plastic bottles seem to produce a better effect than glass ones, but really, either will ​work. Flat soda will not work. Carnauba Wax and Geysers It doesnt matter what flavor of Mentos candy you use, but Mentos candies do seem to work better than similarly-shaped candies (e.g., MMs, Lifesavers). The other candies do produce a geyser, but it wont be as tall. Mentos stack neatly onto each other, leaving very little extra space, so they displace liquid better than other candies. The carnauba wax that coats the candies seems to be key in producing the effect because old candies or ones that have been opened for a while wont produce a tall geyser. Getting the Best Eruption While you can use any carbonated beverage for the Mentos and soda project, there are a few tips to keep in mind to help get the best eruption: Let the soda warm up to room temperature. Like most chemical reactions, the process occurs more quickly at a warmer temperature. Youll get more fizz and a better eruption using warm liquid.Dont open the bottle of soda until youre ready to go. The goal is to keep as much dissolved carbon dioxide in the bottle as possible.Make sure you drop in all the Mentos candies at once. You can buy a device to help you do this, but an easy solution is to roll a piece of paper or thin cardboard into a tube. Place a finger or index card over the end of the tube to hold the candy in place and drop an entire roll inside. When youre ready, open the bottle and let the candies fall.Some people swear diet cola is the best soda for the project. If its available, use it.

Buddhism And Its Impact On Buddhism - 1381 Words

On one hand, Buddhism was founded in northeastern India from the teachings and doctrines taught in the VI and V centuries BC by Siddhartha Gautama, better known as Buddha or the Enlightened One. Although originally emerged as a monastic movement within the dominant Brahmin tradition at that time, Buddhism developed quickly in another direction and acquired characteristics. Buddha not only rejected some important aspects of the philosophy of Hinduism, but also challenged the authority of their leaders, did not accept the validity of Vedic scriptures and argued against the sacrificial cult based on these texts. Moreover, Buddha opened his movement to people of all castes, openly rejecting the idea that the spiritual affairs of the people were determined by the social class into which they are born. Buddhism is one of the major world religions in terms of adherents, geographical distribution, and social and cultural influence. Its founder, Siddhartha Gautama believed in karma (cause and effect ethics), Maya (the illusory nature of the world), and Samsara (the cycle of reincarnation) among other things. Buddhists believe that the ultimate goal in life is to achieve enlightenment as they perceive their existence. So Buddhism seeks liberation from suffering, the goal is Nirvana. Once reached, suffering ceases to affect the practitioner. It is important to understand that Nirvana is not heaven, or that the Buddha as Arahant or referred to those who have reached full peace areShow MoreRelatedBuddhism And Its Impact On Buddhism Essay1966 Words   |  8 PagesBuddhism. In todays society the only thing most people know about Buddhism as a religion is the big and round Buddha who that is always showing his belly. They think Buddhism is all about just being relaxed and â€Å"chilling out.† Buddhism is something much more than just relaxing though, at its basis it is a religion that encompasses a variety of beliefs, traditions, and spiritual practices that are attributed to the Buddha. â€Å"Buddhism is a way to salvation which is open to all and depends for its attainmentRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On The World Essay2122 Words   |  9 PagesBuddhism, currently the fourth largest relig ion in the world, started very small then spread to different places, different cultures, overtime, as illustrated in a documentary about the start of Buddhism. The high popularity for this religion is attributed in part upon belief and spirituality as opposed to worshiping a god (or gods). Although it began in India, c. 500 BCE, it needed a medium to travel all over the World. The Silk Road provided the Medium that Buddhism needed to spread to China. BuddhismRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On Society Essay1263 Words   |  6 Pagesdivided by key things; oceans and mountains, culture and society, but most important religions and beliefs. Out of the hundreds of practices and beliefs that make part of planet earth one of the most interesting form of religious practice is Buddhism. Buddhism is the practice of finding peace within ones self by developing inner peace, wisdom and kindness. This practice dates back 2,500 years, and the founder is known as Buddha Shakyamuni. He was born a royal prince in a town called Lumbini; originallyRead MoreBuddhism in Ancient Korea: The Impact1586 Words   |  6 PagesShamanism, Daoism, and Confucianism, and Buddhism. Buddhism is the religion that changed the society of Korea the most in the ancient times. As Buddhism spread in Korea, great inventions were made, the power hold of Korea started leaning the religion, and the social beliefs changed. These changes had positive results in Korea, and helped Korea to become a proud country. Just like many other religions, it has have effect and it still has effect on many cultures. Buddhism is the religion that affected ancientRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On Western Asia1804 Words   |  8 PagesBuddhism is one of the largest religions in the world with an estimated 500 millio n adherents located in all corners of the globe. Although Buddhism is practiced all around the world, the majority of Buddhists are centered in the Eastern, Southern and Central parts of Asia. It was founded in India in approximately 525 B.C. by Siddhartha Gautama. Although it was founded and first gained a foothold in India, Buddhism today is usually more associated with East Asian countries such as Korea and JapanRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On The World882 Words   |  4 PagesBuddhism is a well-known religion that has taken the world by storm. With 300,000,000 believers worldwide. According to the 2006 census 2.6% of Australians are Buddhist. It originated in an area of Nepal that was originally part of Northern India. Although there are 300 million Buddhists worldwide, they all share the same core beliefs. Instead of an afterlife, Buddhists believe in Reincarnation, the cycle of birth, death, and being reborn again as either a plant, animal, or human. Buddhism wasRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On The World1604 Words   |  7 Pages Founded in the 6th Century BCE by Siddhartha Gautama, Buddhism has over time developed into one of the most prominent religions in the world with approximately 500 million adherents, making it the fourth largest religion on earth. The religions beginnings however, did not see much movement of Buddhism past Northern India until the reign of King Asoka, third monarch of the Mauryan Dynasty. Asoka catalysed the spread of Buddhism from India to Afghanistan and even Southeast Asia, West Persia and SriRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On Society1982 Words   |  8 PagesBuddhism was founded in India by Buddha Shakyamuni thousands of years ago. He based centered his religion on peace and loving kindness. He established positive and negative states of mind. He created paths to find happiness and everlasting peace. There are many different form of expressing Buddhism that have evolved over the years, all of which originated from the teachings of Buddha. Buddhism practices positive thinking, emphasizes meditation, lays the path to find happiness, and does not believeRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On The World And The People Around It910 Words   |  4 Pageswill be a large impact on the world and the people around it. Polytheistic religions, at least in my opinion, make one of the greatest impacts. The reason they have such an influence on the people is because they put gods into everything, if you believe a divine deity is in something like a chair you are going to respect the chair much more than if it was just a chair. You will sit in it, treat, and enjoy it much differently than thinking of it merely as a means to comfort you. Buddhism is one of theRead MoreThe Impact Of Buddhism On Women And Our Advancement1644 Words   |  7 Pagesoblivious to how significant of an impact Buddhism has had on women and our advancement as a gender, specifically in religion. Upon further exploration of women in the Buddhism religion, it was quite obvious that the religion is prac ticed very differently from society to society, but at the end of it all, there is no denying the implication Buddhism has had on females and our spiritual roles. By contrast to bigoted practices that impede spiritual development, Buddhism can be claimed to be the least discriminatory

Lewis Carroll English Paper Free Essays

Lewis Carroll is an important English writer because of his position in English literate ere, and his many arks, such as his novel, â€Å"Lice’s Adventures in Wonderland,† have impacted o r influenced some writing styles of today. There was a lot of controversy that was consistent throughout Lewis Carol’s I fife. This is what made him such a unique English writer. We will write a custom essay sample on Lewis Carroll English Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Charles Dodson was born on Jag unary 27,1832 in Treasury, Cheshire, England. Later known by his pen name Lewis Carroll. Lee wise Carroll changed his name because he thought that the people reading his mathematic CSS books would find it odd to find the same author having written fictional books. This would make e a difference in his various styles of books. At age 20 he was awarded a scholarship to Christ Cool egg. Apart from being a lecturer in mathematics he was a photographer and wrote many essay yes and poetry. Carroll was shy, but that didn’t stop him from enjoy creating stories for child en. Carroll suffered from a bad stammer, but found himself vocally fluent while speaking with chill drew. The relationships Lewis Carroll created with young children was of great interest n most of his well known writings. For example Carroll told tales of dream worlds later written d own due to the request of Alice Lidded, a young girl who loved to listen to his stories. The stop rye was later coincidentally found by Henry Kinsley who urged Carroll to publish what is k now to us now as Notwithstanding such criticism, Lewis Carol’s work and popularity remains la argyle undiminished. The place of Lewis Carroll in Children’s Literature/ Alice Beyond Wonderland: Essays for the Twenty First Century; written by Christopher Hollingsworth. The e text had generated many cultural complex episodes and images. The short story; Lice’s Adventures in Wonderland story contains in very high detail words that form imagery. Therefore, very s mall broken down literature made up sentences. For this reason, Victorian texts AR e formed Sentences that contain allusions and retelling. Agree with the criticism’s argument beck cause I know that by reading , Lewis Carroll does an amazing job with detail considering it was written as a classic children’s story. Having considered Lei s Carol’s writing style , it is also reasonable to look at the way he consistently used metaphors. In Allies Adventures in Wonderland, Alice changes size throughout the story. At first SSH e is too big to fit in the little door into the beautiful garden. Similarly, in Down the Rabbit Hole, is a term that homebodies exploring the world and being adventurous. Lastly, Through the Looking Glass, Sis good metaphor for using a piece of glass to look back at yourself. It is important to note however, that Lewis Carroll was a man of mystery. Bess des the fact that he has a pen name, his novels contain very fictional scenarios. Lewis Carr loll’s work, Lice’s Adventure’s in Wonderland , stands in the category of nonsense literature. Many authors argue that the novel contrasts with the standard moralistic literature of the Victoria n times. Lewis uses nonsensical concepts and words in his stories in order to create a mood of w musical and a fantasy. His books Lice’s Adventure?s in Wonderland ; published in 1865 and Through the Looking Glass ; published in 1871 have been published since 150 years ago. The novel control acts with the manta amounts of widely moralistic children’s literature during this it me. Lewis Carroll was surrounded and perhaps influenced by many authors during that time pee riot. This may have included Hawthorne and Emerson. For a while Lewis Carroll was forgotten UN till his wonderful book was published thus allowing his work to be widely known to this day. Lewis Carroll Was a man of many talents and was known greatly throughout A Rican literature as a remarkable author, artist, mathematician, teacher, and poet. How to cite Lewis Carroll English Paper, Papers

Overpopulation Essay Example For Students

Overpopulation Essay During the first 2 million or so years of its history the human population was a minor element in the world ecosystem, with at most 10 million members. In the New Stone Age, less than 10,000 years ago, the number of humans began to increase more rapidly. The rough equilibrium maintained before Neolithic times gave way when the human population developed agriculture and animal husbandry and no longer had to spread out in search of game. With the abandonment of a hunting-gathering way of life and the rise of permanent settlements and eventually cities, the human population underwent dramatic growth. By the beginning of the Christian era it had reached 250 million, and by 1650, half a billion. We must take action to save our planet. One crisis the earth and its inhabitants fear today is lack of resources due to the increasing number of people. Justifications for our path of destruction are; destroy trees for more farmland; excessive consumption of food sources by over harvesting and overgrazing causing barren wastelands; continued use of fossil fuels and chemicals needed for transportation, creation of electricity, and heating our homes; and more people means more homes will be built again forests and natural habitats of animals. By 1997 the worlds forests were for the first time, loosing more carbon than they were absorbing (202). Public awareness and concern for environmental issues need to be integrated into everyday living so, the remaining numbers of plants and animal species continue to exist. Its crucial we act now as continued extinction of species is a loss no future can cure. When trying to correct the imbalance created by man, science, and technology, we who have inherited the earth must be adamant about developing cleaner ways of improving productivity, and developing better methods for prevention of births, the root of overpopulation. On average family size has decreased almost by half from approximately six children per woman in the late 1960s to three per woman in the late 1990s (216). Contraceptive technologies are becoming more accessible, affordable, and more widely accepted. Unavailability or access to family planning services and education, continue to exist in many parts of the world. Presently, throughout the developing world, women are having smaller families than their mothers, due to access of birth control pills, condoms, and diaphragms along with methods of sterilization consisting of tubal lingation for women or vasectomy for men. Even under the low-growth conditions, human numbers will continue to climb for many years, at a slowing rate. An early halt to human population growth will not end human-caused extinctions. If, we continue to over-exploit resources and pollute our environment the world will be an uninhabitable planet for future generations. The purpose of this paper is to help promote awareness, and focus on the circle of problems contributing to the destruction of the planet (571). Bibliography: .

Richard Nixon Essays (713 words) - Watergate Scandal, Richard Nixon

Richard Nixon Bill Bryant Per. 1 Research Quest Text Book Area Our textbooks had a lot of information on Richard Nixon he did many different things in his life. Since I am concentrating on the Watergate scandal I read the section in the book about that. The information was on pages 775- 781. It discussed what the Watergate scandal was about. The Watergate scandal took place during Nixon's second term. In January 1973, two months after Nixon had won the presidential election Watergate began to unfold. Investigations revealed that the Nixon administration had violated people's civil liberties and was guilty of abuses of power. The Watergate crisis ended with the resignation of President Nixon on August 9, 1974. Twenty Questions 1 Where was Richard Nixon born? 2 Why was Richard Nixon impeached? 3 What was the Watergate scandal? 4 What did Nixon accomplish while in office? 5 What events led to Nixon's resignation? 6 Would Nixon have been forced to resign if he didn't do it on his own? 7 How was Nixon caught for the Watergate Scandal? 8 When was Nixon elected? 9 When did Nixon resign? 10 Who had found the tapes about Watergate? 11 What were Nixon's goals as President? 12 When did Richard Nixon die? 13 How did Nixon change the Supreme Court? 14 Why did Nixon try to improve relations with China? 15 Why was the Watergate Scandal so bad? 16 Why was Nixon involved in Watergate? 17 How did the people feel about Nixon's involvement in Watergate? 18 Why was Nixon re- elected in 1972? 19 What would have happened to Nixon if he didn't resign? 20 what effects did Watergate have on public confidence in the government? Thesis Nixon's involvement in the Watergate Scandal forced him to resign. Outside Discussion For the outside discussion I talked with my dad. He told me that he felt Nixon wasn't a very good president. He said that Nixon had really messed up the United States. We talked about the Watergate scandal and how Nixon had resigned. My Dad felt that Nixon had done the right thing by resigning from office. My dad also told me about the gas crisis that had happened during Nixon's Presidency. He told me about how the government had said that we were going to run out of gas and prices went way up. Now 20 years later we still have plenty of gas to go around. My dad felt that Nixon wasn't a very honest of too great of a guy. Teacher Discussion The teacher discussion took place on Friday October 13, 2000. We discussed what part of Nixon's life I should research about. We talked about various time periods of Nixon's life such as before, during, and after his presidency. I chose to do the end of his presidency, which is when the Watergate Scandal took place. Bibliography (5 Books) Grosset and Dunlap. The memories of Richad Nixon. New York: A Filmways company Publishers 1978. Hess, Stephen and Mazo, Earl. Nixon. New York: Harper and Row 1968. Mazo, Earl. Richard Nixon. New York: Harper and Brothers: 1959 Schuster and Simon. Richard Nixon in the arena. New York: 1990 Wicker, Tom One of Us New York: Random House, 1991 (3 Magazine articles) Buchanan, Patrick ? Watergate: A political coup Driven By Media Hatred of Nixon? Human events Jul. 1997 D'Agostino, Joseph. ?Watergate and Congress: From Criminal Investigation to Impeachment Inquiry? Human Events Mar. 1998. Kehoe, John ?Richard Nixon? Biography Feb. 1998 (2 Electronic sources) ?Richard Nixon.? 12 October 2000 http://metalab.unc.edu/lia/President/Nixon.html. ?Richard Nixon.? 12 October 2000 http://www.swiftsite.com/Nixonfamily Bibliography Buchanan, Patrick ? Watergate: A political coup Driven By Media Hatred of Nixon? Human events Jul. 1997 D'Agostino, Joseph. ?Watergate and Congress: From Criminal Investigation to Impeachment Inquiry? Human Events Mar. 1998. Grosset and Dunlap. The memories of Richad Nixon. New York: A Filmways company Publishers 1978. Hess, Stephen and Earl Mazo. Nixon. New York: Harper and Row 1968. Kehoe, John ?Richard Nixon? Biography Feb. 1998 Mazo, Earl. Richard Nixon. New York: Harper and Brothers: 1959 Nixon Family. Acadian Production. 1997-2000. 12 October 2000. www.Swiftsite.com/Nixonfamily. ?Richard Nixon.? Encarta Online. 1993-2000. Microsoft corporation 12 October 2000. www.Encarta.msn.com. Schuster and Simon. Richard Nixon in the arena. New York: Simon and Schuster 1990 Wicker, Tom, One of Us New York: Random House, 1991 Biographies

Ozone essays

Ozone essays In this paper, evidence will show how ozone layer depletion is a problem. Harmful chemicals, produced by man, and nature, effect the ozone layer, a part of the earths atmosphere. The earth has environmental problems, and ozone layer depletion is just one of them. The ozone layer is a layer of irritating, corrosive, colorless gas that absorbs 97-99% of the suns high frequency ultraviolet light, which is damaging to life on earth. ( Sparling, Ozone Depletion) Ozone layer depletions history dates back to as early as 1956. In 1956, the first ground based measurements were taken in Halley Bay, Antarctica. The in the 1970s, satellite measurements were started. The first comprehensive worldwide satellite measurement happened in 1978 with the NIMBUS-7 satellite. The NIMBUS-7 carried on it two things, the TOMS (total ozone mapping spectrometer), and the SBUV (solar backscatter UV meter). The NIMBUS-7, along with other instruments, measured the amount of chlorofluorcarbons in the atmosphere. Chlorofluorcarbons were first created in 1928 as a non-toxic, non-flammable refrigerant, by a commercial company called DuPont. CFC-12 was the first type of chlorofluorcarbon (1 single carbon w/ 2 chlorines, s) created. (Sparling, Ozone Depletion, History ) M.J. Molina and F.S. Rowland published a lab study in 1974 demonstrating how CFCs breakdown ozone when a high frequency of UV light is present. Based on this study, an estimation of about 7% of ozone would be depleted in the next years, lead to the U.S. banning CFCs in aerosol sprays. Slowly after, other nations agreed to ban CFCs in aerosol sprays. In addition, the most recent world resolution, the Montreal Protocol, was based on negotiations between European-Scandinavian countries and the United States over CFCs in the fall of 1983. The Montreal Protocol was signed in the fall of 198...

Corporate Social Responsibility That is Practising in Self Regulation Research Paper

Corporate Social Responsibility That is Practising in Self Regulation - Research Paper Example In general, the focus is usually to improve the public’s standards of living. The communal interests are incorporated into the business decision making process. â€Å"Corporations are now expected to deliver the good, not just the goods; to pursue values, not just value, and to help make the world a better place† (Bakan, 2004). However, critics of CSR argue that the ultimate goal of companies is to make profits from their capital outlay. It would be wrong to assume that a company can be established with the mission of helping the public to overcome the problems that they face in their day to day lives. This paper defines various concepts associated with corporate social responsibility. It identifies relevant issues, analyzes recent developments as well as an evaluation of arguments and finally, it presents and explains a personal opinion concerning CSR. CSR is faced with various issues concerned with the manner in which organizations operate to accomplish business strategies aimed at boosting profitability while on the other hand maintaining ethical principles for the sake of the public. In essence, every business venture is usually intended to make a profit, and as William (2010) argues, the business strategies are developed to help an organization to counter the factors that might hinder its profitability. The reaction of the public to the externalities emanating from the business operations is one factor that may hamper the realization of organizational objectives. Engaging in CSR is one of the tools applied by companies to ensure that its own externalities are viewed positively by the public. For example, large petroleum industries are the major contributors of the greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere, which contributes to the degradation of the ozone layer and eventually global warming.

THE IMAGE OF GOD IN MAN Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

THE IMAGE OF GOD IN MAN - Research Proposal Example 3. The image of God is manifested in each and every person regardless of religious orientation and belief. Need for the Study The aim of the study is to proffer issues that would deepen one’s understanding on the statement that man was created in the image and likeness of God (Genesis 1: 26 – 28). Having been explained in various literatures, the meaning of the â€Å"image of God† is presented in discussing the difference between man and other creations of God, particularly animals. Further, one would seek to determine if any violation from the factors signifying man’s being created in God’s image would that necessarily defy man’s existence as being created out of God’s image. For instance, if man commits sin with utter disregard for conscience, does that mean that the statement does not apply to him, in particular? Procedure of the Study The study would be conducted using various secondary sources of information of the topic. The sour ces would be authoritative and scholarly and would present balanced and unbiased views of the authors on the subject. If the time would allow, some primary information could be solicited through simple interviews of acquaintances and people from various walks of life regarding their personal points of views and perception of the topic.

READING REFLECTION - DESIRING GOD by John Piper - TURABIAN FORMAT Essay

READING REFLECTION - DESIRING GOD by John Piper - TURABIAN FORMAT - Essay Example He supports his arguments by citing Judas Iscariot’s betrayal of Jesus Christ, which was a sin to fulfill God’s plan and will. Piper states that God’s pursuit of pleasure from us and our pursuit of pleasure from him are the same things.2 The main purpose of conversion is to select the few that will enter the Kingdom of heaven. Not all people who talk of God will enter the Kingdom, but only those who turn away from sin, repent and trust in God. From his book, Piper likens worship to a feast of Christian hedonism. He states that from biblical interpretations, worship includes outward acts including praying, preaching, cleansing, reciting, ordaining, lifting hands, bowing, and performing rites of eating.3 In addition, true worship must include inward feelings and thoughts that reflect on God’s worth and glory. Piper continues by stating that love is the overflow of joy in God. Love is reflected from outward acts and activities performed by people. God is love, and He loves a cheerful giver. Piper continues to state that what a person feels about money can either destroy or build one. What one does with his money forms a foundation that can build his happiness or ruin him forever. In marriage, husbands are told to love their wives because their wife’s body is theirs. They are required to do so just like Jesus died for the church. Christians are expected to continue with Paul’s missions of preaching the gospel. They are supposed to preach it in new regions and territories and to people who have not yet received it. In going out to missions, Christians are supposed to expect suffering, but put it in their hearts and minds that all their suffering is for Christ and with Christ. As such, they are not supposed to despair, but put in more efforts until they achieve their goals. The primary thesis of the book, which is Christian hedonism, relates to both private and public worship in many ways. This is mainly

Three Parent Families: Advantages and Disadvantages

Three Parent Families: Advantages and Disadvantages Joana Murtinheira Faustino A controversial genetic treatment was approved in Britain and now the first baby with three genetic parents can be born in 2015. The process will allow that women affected by devastating hereditary diseases to have healthy children. However this procedure will open the window of DNA modification in humans – something that was long ago decided as unethical. Is this a real breakthrough treatment or crossing a dangerous boundary? The procedure aims to prevent mitochondrial diseases, involving lack of energy, muscular dystrophy, blindness, brain disorders, heart failure and death in the most extreme cases. Defective mitochondria affect one in every 6500 babies and research suggests that the diseases can be prevented by using mitochondria from a donor egg. There are two possible methods: the embryo repair and the egg repair. In the embryo repair approach both eggs (mother’s and donor’s) are fertilised with sperm and the parents’ pronuclei, which contain genetic information, is swapped with the donor’s one and this final healthy embryo is implanted into the womb. The egg repair involves taking the nucleous of the egg with damaged mitochondria and inserting it into the cytoplasm of the donor’s egg which has had the majority of the genetic material removed, but still contains healthy mitochondria. Then the resulting egg is fertilised by sperm. As mitochondria have their own DNA, the resulting baby of this procedure would have DNA from two parents and a small amount from a third donor. This genetic modification raises major ethical concerns for a lot of people. According to consequentialism people should do what produces the greatest amount of good consequences. It is known that with this procedure, these women would be able to have genetically related healthy children. However, is this consequence strong enough to justify the beginning of human genetic modifications? Which way leads to the greatest amount of good consequences? Since it is an invasive manipulation of embryos there are risks associated. It is not possible to assure that new diseases would not come out of this treatment due to some relation between DNA of mitochondria with the nucleous DNA, for example. If the procedure is relatively new, not much information about long-term health effects are known. Therefore, no medical benefits would emerge for the child or the mother. The mother would be able to have genetically related healthy children, which represents a social benefit to her, not a medical one. As the DNA swap takes place at the â€Å"germ line† the donor’s DNA would pass on to any future generations down the female line and not only to this first child Thus, the treatment would represent a way of stopping the disease of being passed on to their future generations. Nevertheless, it would also be changing the genetic information of the family; that it will always have the donor’s DNA included. Would this have implications for future persons? Opponents to this treatment claim that are other options that may be considered for these cases such as adoption or egg donation. Is adoption really an option? People that desire to have their own children usually do not see adoption as option. It will not be a good relationship between parents and child if the adopted child is seen as a second option and not a desired one. Through egg donation parents are not genetically related to the child and this treatment would allow them to be. Another of the major concerns related to this technique is that the next step would be fully altered genetic babies since the line of performing modifications in human DNA would be already crossed with this procedure. It has been described as a â€Å"slippery slope† for society that can lead to other forms of genetic modification. There are several questions that need to be answered. Would the child have identity problems since it would have genes from three people? What would be the role of this â€Å"second mother†? Would she have the same status as other egg donors or could be considered a legal parent? Apparently there was not enough debate about this topic. Usually, people get very afraid of these pioneer changes that can be one small step away from a worst case scenario. Moreover, it is easy for people to associate genetic modifications with stories described in novels or cinema, as dystopian societies are depicted several times. A dystopia [1,2] is a place that is in some important way undesirable or frightening; it is the opposite of utopia. Dystopias are often characterized by dehumanization, totalitarian governments, environmental disaster, or other characteristics associated with a cataclysmic decline in society. Usually they appear to draw attention to real-world issues regarding society, politics, economics, environment, religion, psychology, ethics, and science and technology, which if unaddressed could potentially lead to such a dystopia-like condition. Two examples that address to genetic modifications are Brave New World and Gattaca. Brave New World [3], a novel that was also adapted to a movie, describes how developments in reproductive technology, combined with others, are responsible for profoundly changes in society. Natural reproduction is no longer done. Instead, children are produced in â€Å"hatcheries and conditioning centres† and divided into castes and designed to occupy predetermined positions in the social and economic life. There are five castes: â€Å"alpha† and â€Å"beta† are able to develop naturally but â€Å"gamma†, â€Å"delta† and â€Å"epsilon† are manufactured to have arrested development in intelligence or physical growth. In the reality described in Gattaca [4] (the title is based on the first letters of guanine, adenine, thymine, and cytosine, the four nucleobases of DNA) children are conceived through genetic manipulation to guarantee they possess the best hereditary traits of their parents. The main character was conceived outside the program and fights to overcome genetic discrimination. Characters battle with society and themselves to find what their place in the world is and who they are destined to be according to their genes. This way, the movie is able to draw attention over reproductive technologies and the possible consequences of such technological developments for society. By allowing this treatment, are we going towards a dystopian society like these ones described? On the other hand, despite all the concerns that the treatment involves should the evolution of science be stopped? If it would be fully regulated and the consequences well studied, why should this treatment be stopped? Why should not these mothers be allowed to have access to this known treatment? Most people have the desire to have their DNA related children and this treatment seems the only option for these women, also stopping the disease of being passed on to their future generations. Medical researchers defend that the debated modification does not affect fundamental DNA, the one that will determine individual’s characteristics such as facial features or eye colour. Therefore what it is under discussion are not designed babies but a treatment of several diseases. References Merriam-Webster (2014). Merriam-Webster. Retrieved January 18, 2014, from http://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/dystopia. Oxford Dictionaries (2014). Oxford University Press. Retrieved January 18, 2014, from  http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/dystopia?q=dystopia Brave New World, http://www.huxley.net/ Gattaca (1997), http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0119177/

The Relationship Between Pomegranate Phytochemicals, Their Metabolites,

Introduction The pomegranate fruit has become popularized across the United States due to health benefit claims.[1] With the introduction of new products entering the food system, it is important to determine if the phytochemicals touted for their health benefits, due in fact impact physical health in a positive manner.[2] The known phytochemicals found in the pomegranate fruit have been proven to have benefits, but it has not been well studied if the compounds themselves produce the benefits, or if their metabolites formed in the gut are responsible for its several health claims. This review intends to clarify what happens to the pomegranate compounds once it is in the digestive system and how they interact with gut micro biota. The focus of this paper will be the benefits of the pomegranate fruit in local gut inflammation and whole body inflammation. Pomegranate The pomegranate, Punica granatum L is the predominant member of two species comprising the Punicaceae family.[2] The pomegranate tree typically grows 12-16 feet, has many spiny branches, and can be extremely long lived, as evidenced by trees at Versailles, France, known to be over 200 years old.[2] The flowers are large, red, white, or variegated and have a tubular calyx that eventually becomes the fruit. The ripe pomegranate fruit can be up to five inches wide with a deep red, leathery skin, is grenade-shaped, and crowed by the pointed calyx. The fruit contains many seeds (arils) separated by white, membranous pericarp, and each is surrounded by small amounts of tart, red juice. The pomegranate is native from the Himalayas in northern India to Iran but has been cultivated and naturalized since ancient times over the entire Mediterranean region. The tree is also cu... ...ation of the microbial ecology of the human colon by probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics to enhance human health: an overview of enabling science and potential applications. FEMS Microbiol Ecol, 2005. 52(2): p. 145-52. 10. Lee, K.W. and H.J. Lee, The roles of polyphenols in cancer chemoprevention. Biofactors, 2006. 26(2): p. 105-21. 11. Schubert, S.Y., E.P. Lansky, and I. Neeman, Antioxidant and eicosanoid enzyme inhibition properties of pomegranate seed oil and fermented juice flavonoids. J Ethnopharmacol, 1999. 66(1): p. 11-7. 12. Ahmed, S., et al., Punica granatum L. extract inhibits IL-1beta-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinases by inhibiting the activation of MAP kinases and NF-kappaB in human chondrocytes in vitro. J Nutr, 2005. 135(9): p. 2096-102. 13. ; Available from: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/inflammatory-bowel-disease/DS01195.